9.1 Do people really not speak English?

For many foreign travelers planning a trip to China, one of the most common questions is:
“Do people there speak English? How am I supposed to communicate?”

Having a clear and realistic expectation — and preparing for it in advance — is key to making your trip smooth and stress‑free.

Overall, the answer is: yes, English is not widely spoken in everyday life in China, and you should not expect to rely on English for most daily interactions.
However, that does not mean you can’t travel in China. As long as you bring the right tools and mindset, language barriers are absolutely manageable.

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1. Reality check: where English usually does not work

In many everyday situations, you should be prepared for the following:

• Normal day‑to‑day interactions:
  In local restaurants, convenience stores, markets, or when asking strangers for directions, you are unlikely to meet people who speak fluent English.

• Taxi drivers:
  Most taxi drivers do not speak English.

• Public transport:
  Metro systems usually have English signage, but buses and interactions with staff are almost entirely in Chinese.

In short, once you step outside tourist‑oriented environments, you’ll need to rely on other ways to communicate.

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2. Where can you expect English service?

There are still a number of situations where you can comfortably use English:

• International chains and higher‑end hotels:
  At brands such as Marriott, Hilton, and similar, front desk and restaurant staff generally speak English.

• Major international airports:
  At airports in cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, airline counters, information desks, and immigration officers can usually communicate in English.

• Famous tourist attractions:
  At top sights such as the Forbidden City or the Terracotta Warriors, ticket offices and information centers often have staff who can speak English.

• Certain areas in first‑tier cities:
  In parts of Beijing, Shanghai, and other major cities—especially in neighborhoods with many foreigners—you’re more likely to meet younger people who can use English.

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3. Your communication “lifesavers”: must‑have tools and strategies

A language barrier doesn’t need to be scary. People in China are generally friendly and willing to help travelers. With the following tools prepared, communication becomes much easier:

1. Translation apps – your No.1 tool

   • Voice conversation:
     Let the app translate spoken dialogue in real time.
   • Photo translation:
     Point your camera at menus, signs, or notices to get instant translation.
   • Tip:
     Download and practice using a reliable translation app before you leave for China.

2. Addresses written in Chinese

   • In taxis or when asking for directions, this is often the most effective method.
   • Ask your hotel or a local friend to write down your destinations in Chinese. Simply show this to the driver or staff.

3. Learn a few key Chinese phrases

   • 你好 (Nǐ hǎo): Hello
   • 谢谢 (Xièxiè): Thank you
   • 这个 (Zhège): This one (very useful when ordering food or shopping)
   • 多少钱？(Duōshǎo qián?): How much is it?

4. Be patient and smile

   • Combine patience, gestures, and simple words. Most people will do their best to understand you or find someone who can help.